TP4056 Type-C Lithium Battery Charger Module 5V 1A, 1S 3.7V Li‑ion/LiPo Charging Board with Protection, USB‑C Input, OUT+/OUT- & B+/B- Pads, Status LEDs for DIY Power Projects

Overview

This TP4056 Type‑C battery charger module is a compact 1-cell (1S) lithium charging board designed to charge a single 3.7V nominal Li‑ion or LiPo battery from a 5V USB‑C power source. It uses a TP4056-class linear charging controller to implement a constant-current/constant-voltage (CC/CV) charging algorithm suitable for 4.2V chemistry cells. The pictured board includes a protection stage (commonly implemented with a dedicated protection IC plus dual MOSFET), and it provides separate battery pads (B+/B-) and load/output pads (OUT+/OUT-) to support safer powering of a connected load while the battery is managed by the protection circuit.

Technical Details

The TP4056 is a linear charger, meaning it dissipates heat equal to approximately (VIN − VBAT) × ICHG during the constant-current phase. With a 5V input and a low battery voltage, power dissipation can be significant at higher charge currents. For reliable operation, ensure adequate airflow, avoid enclosing the module without thermal consideration, and consider reducing charge current (module-dependent) if the board runs hot. Many TP4056 modules are configured for “up to 1A” charging, but the actual programmed current depends on the onboard resistor value and may vary by module revision—always confirm with the seller’s specification or by checking the resistor marking and the TP4056 datasheet.

This protection-type board typically supports:

• Overcharge protection (disconnects charging path if cell voltage exceeds a threshold)
• Overdischarge protection (disconnects load if cell voltage falls below a threshold)
• Overcurrent/short-circuit protection (disconnects output under fault conditions)

Exact thresholds and current limits depend on the protection IC used (varies by module revision). The presence of separate B and OUT pads indicates the protection circuit sits between the battery and the load/output, which is preferred for many DIY devices.

The USB Type‑C connector on this module is intended for 5V input. These boards commonly rely on default 5V from USB sources; they are not guaranteed to negotiate USB‑C Power Delivery. Use a stable 5V supply capable of delivering the required current, and use a quality cable to minimize voltage drop.

Specifications

• Input connector: USB Type‑C (5V input expected; PD negotiation not guaranteed, varies by module revision)
• Input voltage: 5V nominal (use regulated 5V supply)
• Battery type: 1S Li‑ion/LiPo, 3.7V nominal, 4.2V full charge
• Charge method: CC/CV linear charging (TP4056-class behavior; check datasheet)
• Charge current: up to 1A typical (programmed by onboard resistor; may be lower due to thermal limiting; varies by module revision)
• Output pads: OUT+ / OUT- for load connection (through protection stage)
• Battery pads: B+ / B- for direct battery connection
• Status indication: onboard LEDs for charge/complete (exact logic/labels vary by module revision)
• Protection features: overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent/short protection (thresholds vary by protection IC revision)
• Board form factor: compact module PCB with solder pads (exact dimensions vary by module revision)

Applications

• Charging a single 18650 cell (with proper holder and wiring) for portable electronics
• DIY power modules for Arduino/ESP32 sensor nodes requiring rechargeable 1S battery supply
• Small battery-powered robotics accessories and handheld instruments
• Portable test rigs, LED projects, and custom enclosures needing USB‑C charging convenience
• Prototyping battery management and safe power input for embedded projects

Integration Notes

• Wiring: Connect the battery to B+ and B- only. Connect your device/load to OUT+ and OUT- to benefit from the protection circuit.
• Power source: Use a stable 5V USB supply. If your supply cannot provide enough current, charging may be slow or unstable.
• Thermal: At higher charge currents, the module can heat up. If it becomes too hot, reduce charge current (if your module supports changing the programming resistor) or improve cooling.
• Load sharing: These modules are not full power-path management boards. If your application needs seamless “run from USB while charging” behavior, verify performance under load; behavior can vary by module revision.
• Battery safety: Use only quality lithium cells with proper handling. Do not charge damaged/swollen cells. Observe polarity carefully to avoid damage.

Included Components

1x TP4056 Type‑C Battery Charger Module (Protection)